Scalloway History

Scalloway, a historic village located on the west coast of the Shetland Mainland, is often referred to as the “ancient capital of Shetland” due to its rich and diverse history. The village has played a pivotal role in the development of the Shetland Islands and stands as a testament to the resilience of its people through the centuries.

Early History:

Scalloway’s history dates back centuries, with evidence of human habitation in the area reaching as far back as the Bronze Age. The village’s strategic location along the coast made it an ideal site for early settlers, who likely engaged in fishing and maritime activities.

In the 1600s, Scalloway became the center of political power in Shetland when Earl Patrick Stewart, the 2nd Earl of Orkney, chose it as the location for his residence. Construction of Scalloway Castle began in 1600 and was completed in 1607. The castle, an imposing tower house, served as the residence of the Stewart family and the administrative centre of the islands for only a short time and fell into ruin less than a century after the build.

Dutch Fishing Boom:

During the 17th century, Scalloway became a hub for the Dutch fishing fleet. The Dutch, attracted by the rich fishing grounds surrounding the Shetland Islands, established a significant presence in Scalloway. This period marked a boom in the herring industry, with the Dutch contributing to the economic prosperity of the village.

World War II:

Scalloway played a crucial role during World War II when it served as a base for the Shetland Bus operation. The Shetland Bus was a clandestine naval unit that operated between Shetland and German-occupied Norway, conducting covert missions to support the Norwegian resistance. Scalloway’s harbour became a vital link in this operation, and the bravery of those involved is commemorated by the Shetland Bus Memorial in the village.

Post-War Era:

After the war, Scalloway continued to be a centre for fishing and maritime activities. The decline of the herring industry in the mid-20th century had economic repercussions, but the village adapted to changing times. Traditional industries persisted, and new opportunities, including aquaculture like salmon farming and mussel harvest, began to emerge.

Scalloway Today:

In the 21st century, Scalloway has evolved into a picturesque village that beautifully blends its historical significance with modern amenities. Scalloway Castle remains a prominent landmark, drawing visitors interested in the island’s past. The village is also home to a museum, which showcases Shetland’s history, including its wartime contributions.

The harbor remains a focal point, bustling with fishing vessels and providing a picturesque backdrop for the village. Scalloway’s narrow streets and charming houses contribute to its character, making it an appealing destination for those seeking a glimpse into Shetland’s heritage.

While the village has embraced modernization, there is a strong sense of community pride and a commitment to preserving its cultural and historical identity. Events such as the annual Scalloway Fire Festival celebrate local traditions and contribute to the vibrant tapestry of Shetland’s cultural heritage.

Scalloway’s history is a tapestry woven with threads of ancient habitation, political significance, maritime activity, and wartime bravery. The village stands as a living testament to the resilience of the Shetland people and their ability to adapt to changing times while honouring their rich heritage. Today, Scalloway invites visitors to explore its historical sites, experience its unique culture, and appreciate the enduring spirit of this ancient capital of Shetland.